How do I maintain my dog's dental health?
Updated 16 October 2026
In short: periodontal disease (plaque, tartar, gum inflammation) is very common in dogs: according to AAHA, about four in five dogs show signs of it by age 3. Small breeds and older dogs are most affected. The most effective habit is brushing, ideally daily, backed up by suitable chews and a vet check at least once a year. Professional cleaning is done under general anaesthetic.
Why does your dog's dental health matter?
- PlaqueA film of bacteria that forms on teeth within hours. Brushing removes it.
- TartarPlaque mineralises within days: a yellow-brown deposit that brushing can't remove.
- GingivitisRed, swollen, bleeding gums. Still reversible with care.
- PeriodontitisInfection attacks bone and ligaments: pain, loose teeth, then tooth loss.
Beyond the mouth, chronic gum infection is linked to problems in other organs. And a dog with toothache often shows little sign of it: it keeps eating.
Which signs should worry you?
I've noticed my dog has:
Myths about dogs' teeth
Kibble is enough to keep teeth clean.
FALSETheir effect is limited. Some special dental diets help, but nothing replaces brushing.
Bones are good for teeth.
FALSEBones, especially cooked ones, can break teeth, splinter and injure the gut. Choose chews made for dogs.
Anaesthesia-free scaling works just as well.
FALSEScraping the visible part doesn't treat disease below the gumline. Proper cleaning, with polishing and root checks, is done under anaesthetic.
Small breeds are more at risk.
TRUECrowded teeth in a small jaw let plaque build up faster. Start prevention early.
How do you prevent dental problems?
Brushing
Ideally every day, with dog toothpaste. It's the most effective measure.
Suitable chews
Choose products tested for effectiveness (e.g. the VOHC seal), sized for your dog.
The vet
A mouth check at least once a year, more often for small breeds and seniors.
Professional cleaning
Under general anaesthetic, with every tooth examined, sometimes X-rays.
The step-by-step method to get your dog used to it: how to brush your dog's teeth.
Learn to brush your dog's teeth
Frequently asked questions
From what age should I care for my dog's teeth?
From an early age: get your puppy used to having its mouth handled, then start brushing once its adult teeth are in, around 6 months.
How do I remove my dog's tartar?
Once formed, tartar won't brush off: only a professional clean at the vet, under anaesthetic, removes it. Brushing then helps keep it from coming back.
Why does my dog have bad breath?
Most often because of plaque and tartar. If its breath changes suddenly, see your vet: it can also signal another health problem.
Do small breeds have more dental problems?
Generally, yes: their teeth are more crowded and plaque builds up faster.